Mumps
Mumps is a viral infection characterised by painful swelling of the parotid glands, located just below and in front of the ears. It is caused by the mumps virus and spreads through infected saliva.
Symptoms typically develop 14 to 25 days after infection and include headache, joint pain, high temperature and the characteristic swelling on one or both sides of the face.
Although most cases resolve within a couple of weeks, mumps can occasionally cause complications including viral meningitis, pancreatitis, swelling of the testicles (orchitis) in males who have reached puberty, and, rarely, hearing loss.
A mumps IgG antibody blood test determines whether you have immunity to mumps from previous infection or vaccination. The MMR vaccine provides effective protection and is offered as part of the UK childhood immunisation schedule.
Causes of Mumps
Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, a paramyxovirus that infects the salivary glands. It is spread through direct contact with saliva or respiratory droplets from an infected person.
Mumps is contagious from a few days before symptoms appear until several days after. Risk factors for infection include not being vaccinated and close contact with an infected individual, such as in schools or university halls.
The MMR vaccine significantly reduces the risk of mumps. Two doses provide around 88% protection. Outbreaks can still occur in partially vaccinated populations, though disease is typically milder in vaccinated individuals.
Tests that can help check this condition
Learn more on the official NHS page .
